EMMANUEL PETER ADAYEHI
Concerns Regarding Presidential Governance
Significant concerns persist regarding President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s inclination towards the political coercion characteristic of a totalitarian one-party system. Totalitarianism is a political system that prohibits opposition from political parties, disregards and outlaws the political claims of individual and group opposition to the state, and completely controls both the public and private spheres of society. This governance framework, defined as a one-party system, allows a single political party to monopolize power and legally prohibits opposition, resulting in a centralization of authority concentrated in the hands of the All Progressives Congress (APC). This scenario often blurs the line between state and party ideology, promoting the suppression of dissent to maintain order.
Such a system not only limits freedoms of speech and assembly to prevent alternative powers from emerging but also creates chaos that facilitates authoritarian consolidation by weaponizing disorder through absolute control of power. It is posited that leaders who adopt these tactics may intentionally stoke or prolong chaos to portray democratic systems as inferior to a single-party or autocratic solution that promises stability and order.
Paradoxically, internal fragmentation begins to set in under a one-party system. As chaos is established, the absence of an external enemy leads internal factions to vie for power. This can result in personal conflicts and instability within the ruling cabal, making such governance impractical in a nation characterized by pluralism and a rich tapestry of ethnic philosophies. It is argued that modern societies thrive under multiparty systems, enhancing democracy by providing a platform for diverse voices.
For instance, the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) historically functioned as a significant political force, offering an alternative to the APC. However, recent allegations suggest that the APC has suppressed competition by undermining the PDP through political machinations, including electoral manipulation and legal challenges. Dr. Folake Alabi, a political analyst, warns, “A singular political agenda in a diverse country like Nigeria risks alienating significant segments of the population and undermining national unity.”
To address these challenges, it is essential for President Tinubu to foster a truly multiparty system. This could involve:
1. Reforming the Electoral Process: Ensuring free and fair elections by implementing independent electoral commissions that genuinely oversee and verify electoral integrity. The successful implementation of independent commissions in Rwanda has led to increased voter confidence, demonstrating the potential benefits for Nigeria.
2. Encouraging Political Pluralism: Actively inviting and supporting new political parties, thus allowing for competition that reflects a broader representation of interests, particularly from marginalized groups. The rise of the Labour Party in 2023 illustrates how political diversity can mobilize young voters and challenge entrenched political elites.
3. Establishing Dialogue Platforms: Initiating regular forums for political dialogue among various political parties, civil society organizations, and grassroots movements to discuss national priorities and common goals. The National Peace Committee, which has fostered dialogue among conflicting political factions, serves as a model for such initiatives.
Credibility Among Global Leaders
President Tinubu’s administration grapples with credibility challenges among global leaders. Nations such as the United States, Canada, and Great Britain express skepticism about Nigeria’s internal policies and regional posture. The U.S. Department of State highlights concerns about governance and human rights abuses under Tinubu’s leadership, particularly noting crackdowns on dissent, such as the recent arrests of peaceful protesters demanding an end to police brutality.
To regain credibility on the global stage, Nigeria must:
1. Enhance Governance Transparency: Implement transparent mechanisms for governmental decision-making processes and hold public officials accountable for their actions. Initiatives like the Open Government Partnership in countries such as Indonesia demonstrate how transparency can build trust in governance.
2. Prioritize Human Rights: Establish an independent human rights commission to investigate abuses and create public awareness campaigns that promote best practices in human rights. The South African Human Rights Commission offers a successful template for holding the government accountable for safeguarding citizen rights.
3. Engage with International Partners: Create intentional diplomatic initiatives focused on collaboration and transparency, showcasing Nigeria’s commitment to improving governance and human rights. Partnerships established with the European Union have previously boosted Nigeria’s economic and human rights standing.
Rising Unemployment and Social Tensions
The alarming statistic that over 40% of Nigeria’s youth face unemployment creates fertile ground for social tensions and unrest. Movements advocating for Biafra’s independence highlight the urgent need for effective governance. Prof. Ayo Dumoye noted, “Nigeria is perceived more as a mere geographic expression than a cohesive nation.”
To address youth disillusionment, tangible steps must be taken:
1. Investment in Job Creation: Launch government initiatives to support small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) by providing grants, low-interest loans, and training to foster entrepreneurship among the youth. The YouWIN! program, aimed at empowering young entrepreneurs, serves as a relevant case, illustrating how targeted financial assistance can stimulate job creation.
2. Educational Reform: Align educational programs with market needs, ensuring curricula equip students with relevant skills for jobs in growing industries. Insights from Germany’s dual education system, which combines vocational training with classroom instruction, could serve as a model.
3. Youth Engagement Programs: Establish dedicated forums and advisory councils that allow young people to voice their concerns and contribute ideas that could shape national policies. The Youth Assembly in Sierra Leone facilitated youth input in legislative processes, underscoring the transformative power of engaging young voices in governance.
Conclusion
Nigeria’s future hinges on the pursuit of peace, harmony, and national integration. An inclusive approach that emphasizes democracy, representation, and constructive dialogue is vital for addressing multifaceted challenges. The promotion of a robust multiparty system is crucial in responding effectively to the diverse needs of the populace and safeguarding against authoritarianism.
Furthermore, building trust among global leaders through transparent governance and a commitment to human rights can significantly enhance Nigeria’s standing on the world stage. Dr. Chijioke Nwokoro, a leading political scientist, aptly notes, “A resilient democracy thrives on inclusion and accountability; without these, Nigeria risks being trapped in cycles of conflict and disillusionment.”
Realizing a truly democratic Nigeria requires harnessing the nation’s diversity as a source of strength rather than division. The stakes are high, and the path forward necessitates unwavering commitment from political leaders, civil society, and the populace alike. Only through genuine leadership and democratic engagement can Nigeria hope to navigate its myriad challenges and move toward a united and prosperous future.